aptr
atviksorð
and aftr (aptar, i. 347), , aptar, aptast, [ aftra = πάλιν], the spelling with p is borne out by the αψ.
I. Loc. back, back again:
1. WITH MOTION, connected with verbs denoting to go or move, such as fara, ganga, koma, leiða, senda, snúa, sækja, , where aptr almost answers to re-, remittere, reducere, reverti …; gefa a., reddere; bera a., refellere; kalla a., revocare; reka a., repellere: a. hverfr lygi þá er sönnu mætir (a proverb), a lie turns back when it meets truth, i. 639. ‘aptr’ implies a notion a loco or in locum, ‘eptir’ that of remaining in loco; thus skila a. means remittere; skilja eptir, relinquere; taka a., recipere, in a bad sense; taka eptir, animum attendere; fara a., redire; vera e., remanere, ; fara, snúa, koma, senda, sækja, hverfa a., 260, 281, x. 395, iv. 300, 30, 271, 4, 6; færa a., to repay, i. 20; snúast a., 472. Without actual motion,—as of sounds; þeir heyrðu a. í rjóðrit óp, they heard shouting behind them, iv. 300; nú skal eigi prestr ganga svá langt frá kirkju at hann heyri eigi klokkur hljóð aftar (= aftr), he shall not go out of the sound of the bells, i. 347.
II. TEMP. again, πάλιν, iterum: this use of the word, general as it is at present, hardly appears in old writers; they seem to have had no special expression for again, but instead of it said síðan, enn, or used a periphrase, á nýja leik, öðru sinni, annat sinn, or some other substitute. It is, however, very in aftra = πάλιν, åter, atter; some passages in the Sagas come near to the use, bæta a., restituere, to give back (but not ); segja friði a., to recal, i. 103; hann maelti at engi mundi þann fald a. falda, 20, uncertain whether (backward) or iterum, most likely the former. It is now used in a great many compounds, answering to re-, also endr.β. backwards; fram ok a., to and fro (); reið hann suðr aptr, rode back again, 29; aptr á bak, supine, bent or turned back, 380; þeir settu hnakka á bak sér a., bent their necks backwards in order to be able to see, 30; skreiðast a. af hestinum, to slip down backwards from the croup of a horse, to dismount, 65.γ. connected with many verbs such as, láta, lúka a., to close, shut, to láta, lúka upp, 264, 7, 162; in a reverse sense to recludere, reserere, rescindere, resolvere.
2. WITHOUT MOTION = aptan, the hind part, the back of anything; þat er maðr fram (superne), en dýr a., the fore part a man, the hind part a beast, 673. 2; síðan lagði hann at tennrnar a. við huppinn, he caught the hip with his teeth, 21. The English aft when used of a ship; breði a. ok fram, stern and stem (of a ship), ix. 310; Sigurðr sat a. á kistunni, sate aft on the stern-chest, vii. 201; a. ok frammi, of the parts of the body (of a seal), 179. Compar. aptarr, farther back, vi. 76.Skammstafanir og tilvitnanir
- adv.atviksorð (e. adverb)
- compar.miðstig (e. comparative)
- superl.efsta stig (e. superlative)
- Ulf.Ulfilas.
- Gr.Greek.
- etc.et cetera.
- Lat.Latin.
- freq.frequent, frequently.
- opp.opposed.
- Goth.Gothic.
- Swed.Swedish.
- Dan.Danish.
- mod.modern.
- e. g.exempli gratia.
- temp.temporal.
- loc.local, locally.
- cp.compare.
- N. G. L.Norges Gamle Love. (B. II.)
- Bs.Biskupa sögur. (D. III.)
- Nj.Njála. (D. II.)
- Fms.Fornmanna sögur. (E. I.)
- EddaEdda. (C. I.)
- Eg.Egils saga. (D. II.)
- Eb.Eyrbyggja saga. (D. II.)
- Fs.Forn-sögur. (D. II.)
- Lækn.Lækninga-bók. (H. V.)
- Fær.Færeyinga saga. (E. II.)
- Landn.Landnáma. (D. I.)
- Vígl.Víglundar saga. (D. V.)
- Sks.Konungs Skugg-sjá. (H. II.)
- El.Elis saga. (G. II.)