Yrða

tigr

nafnorðkarlkyn
tegr, also tögr, togr, tugr, , tigar, tigir, tigu (tögo, tugu), later tigi, 36, iii. 578; [a tigus is suggested by the -tigjus; tig, teg; zic, zuc; zebn; ty; ten.]
A. A ten, decade. The ancient Scandinavians and Teutons had no indeclinable numeral adjectives from twenty to a hundred; the word tigr (like hundrað and þúsund) being a regular substantive. The ancient way of counting is therefore complex and curious; forty-one was called ‘four tens and one’ or ‘one of the fifth decade;’ forty-eight was called ‘four tens and eight,’ or by counting back, ‘five tens short of two,’ the un-de-viginti, duo-de-triginta: forty-five was called ‘half the fifth ten,’ and so on, as will best be seen from the references below; and so it goes on to ‘one hundred and twenty,’ for in a hundred means the duodecimal hundred. In the 14th century (in deeds) ‘tigr’ began to lose its character of a substantive, eg. þrjátigir, fimtigir …, or þrjátigi, fimtigi (used inclecl.), whence at last came the þrjátíu, fjörutíu, fimtíu …, the tíu being a contracted form from the tigu. At the same time hundrað and þúsund became adjectives, þrjátiu, brjúhundruð, þrjuþúsund skipum, for the old þrem tiguin hundruðum, þúsundum skipa.B. REFERENCES: þessi vetr fylidi annan tög aldrs Magnúss konungs, this winter completed the second ten, the twentieth year, of king Magnus’ life, vi. 90; þat skipti tögum, it amounted to tens, several tens, ii. 32; þrjá tigu manna, three tens of men, 41; á þrem tigum daga, on three tens of days, 656 A. ii. 14; þrír tigir hundraða, v. 2; níu tigu manna, 62; þrettán tigi aura, 36; nær fjórum tigum faðma töðu, well-nigh four tens of fathoms, forty, v. 18; fjóra togo dægra, 655 iii. 3; sex togo hundraða, D.I. i. 350; sex tigir manna, ii. 194; sex tigir þúsunda manna, ; sex tigu hundraða, six tens of hundreds, sixty hundred, six thousand, 416 old ; tíu tigir manna, ten tens of men, one hundred, 191; tíu tigo fjár, 140; tíu tigum ásauðar, a hundred sheep, v. 19; tíu tegu bæja, viii. 203: ellifu tigir vætta skreiðar, eleven tens, one hundred and ten, 655 iii. 4; even, þrettán tigi aura, thirteen tens, one hundred and thirty, 36; fimtán tigum sinna, fifteen tens, one hundred and fifty, ii. 14: repeating, fjóra tigi vetra ok fjóra vetr, four tens of winters and four winters, forty-four years, ÓH. (); með tveim skipum ok átta togum skipa, x. 394; sex tigi vetra ok fjóra vetr, (); þrjá tigi ára ok sex ár, three tens of years and six years, i. 30; eitt skip ok sjau tigu skipa, seventy-one, x. 344; hálfan fjórða tög vetra, half the fourth decade, thirty-five, vi. 430; hálfan fjórða tög skipa, i. 76; hálfr fimti tugr kúgilda, half the fifth decade, forty-five, v. 18; hálfr þriði tögr manna, Ísl. ii. 387, 292; hálfr átti tögr kirkna, seventy-five, ; á einu ári ins fimmta tigar konungdóms Hákonar, on the first year of the fifth ten, forty-first, iii. 308; hann hafði vetr ens sétta tigar, one winter of the sixth ten, fifty-one, ix. 534; á öðru ári ens fjórða tigar, i. 67; annann vetr ens fjórða tigar konungdóms hans, x. 33, i. 74; fjóra vetr ens tíunda tegar, (); sex ens fjórða tigar, thirty-six, Thorodd; vikur tvær ens sétta tegar, fifty-two, 7; hann hafði sjau vetr ens sjaunda tigar, sixty-seven, 330; á enum sjaunda vetri ens sjaunda tugar aldrs síns, 125 new ; á enum sétta vetri ens átta tugar aldrs síns, ii. 187; Þorkell hafði átta vetr ens fimta tigar þá er hann druknaði, forty-eight, 326; átta dagar ens níunda tegar, eighty-two, 1812. 49; átta aurar ens fimta tigar, ii. 144; á níunda ári ens sjaunda tigar ens tíunda hundraðs, in the ninth year of the seventh ten of the tenth hundred ( 969 ), i. 67; þá var Egill á níunda tigi, then was Egil in the ninth ten (between eighty and ninety years of age), 764; vetri fátt í fjóra tigu, one year short of four tens, thirty-nine, x. 2, ; lítið fátt í fimm tigi vetra, iii. 60; einu ári fátt í fimm tigi, forty-nine, … vetri einum fátt í níu tigi ára gamall, aged eighty-nine, iii. 578: curious is the phrase, af-tig gamall, = unde-viginti, aged ‘lacking twenty,’ nineteen years old, vii. 84 (in a verse); the context and chronology shew that this is the sense, and not as explained in afstigr: níu tigir ok tvau ár (elliptically dropping ára), v. 3; whence lastly as , þrítigir álnir (sic) lérepts, id.; fjöre-tiger manns, i. 867. As this method was somewhat unwieldy, the counting by twenty was also resorted to, Gramm. xxi, sex merkr ok tuttugu; spænir þrír ok tuttugu, … sjautján merkr ok tuttugu, i. 874 (), or the word tigr was altogether discarded, and replaced by skor or sneis ( score, snees). ☞ As in vellums the numbers are mostly represented by Roman figures, and abbreviations used, the editions cannot in these cases be implicitly relied on; the same is the case with old texts preserved in paper transcripts.
Skammstafanir og tilvitnanir
  • m.karlkyn (e. masculine)
  • gen.eignarfall (e. genitive)
  • pl.fleirtala (e. plural)
  • acc.þolfall (e. accusative)
  • Goth.Gothic.
  • adj.lýsingarorð (e. adjective)
  • A. S.Anglo-Saxon.
  • O. H. G.Old High German.
  • Germ.German.
  • Dan.Danish.
  • Engl.English.
  • e. g.exempli gratia.
  • cp.compare.
  • Lat.Latin.
  • Icel.Iceland, Icelander, Icelanders, Icelandic.
  • mod.modern.
  • indecl.óbeygjanlegt (e. indeclinable)
  • i. e.id est.
  • Ed.edition, editions, edited.
  • pref.preface.
  • A. D.Anno Domini.
  • v. l.varia lectio.
  • s. v.sub voce.
  • Band.Banda-manna saga. (D. II.)
  • Fb.Flateyjar-bók (E. I.)
  • Fms.Fornmanna sögur. (E. I.)
  • Eg.Egils saga. (D. II.)
  • Dipl.Diplomatarium. (J. I.)
  • Grág.Grágás. (B. I.)
  • Post.Postula sögur. (F. III.)
  • Orkn.Orkneyinga saga. (E. II.)
  • Nj.Njála. (D. II.)
  • K. Þ. K.Kristinn-réttr Þorláks ok Ketils = Kristinna-laga-þáttr. (B. I.)
  • Ó. H.Ólafs saga Helga. (E. I.)
  • Bs.Biskupa sögur. (D. III.)
  • Ld.Laxdæla saga. (D. II.)
  • Clem.Clements saga. (F. III.)
  • Sturl.Sturlunga saga. (D. I.)
  • Íb.Íslendinga-bók. (D. I.)
  • Eb.Eyrbyggja saga. (D. II.)
  • Lex. Poët.Lexicon Poëticum by Sveinbjörn Egilsson, 1860.
  • Laur. S.Laurentius saga. (D. III.)