Yrða

skjöldr

nafnorðkarlkyn
, skjaldar, skildi; an old in poets skjaldi,—hjaldrs á mínum skjaldi, 27 new (in a verse); haldorð í bug skjaldi, vi. (in a verse); haldir fast ok skjaldi, Kormak: skildir; skjöldu, skildi: [ skildus = θυρεός, Ephes. vi. 16; skjold; sköld; common to all languages: it is commonly derived from skjól, shelter, although the short root vowel and the final d of skild speak against this: ‘skillingr’ or ‘skildingr’ (a shilling) may be a derivative from ‘skildus,’ from the shape, and from the painted or scratched ‘ring’ on the shields; see below: in fact, an old poet (Bragi) calls the shield ‘the penny of the hall of Odin.’]
A. A shield, the generic name; the special names are, rönd, rít, baugr, targa, lind; þeir höfðu ekki langa skjöldu, i. 379; góðan skjöld ok þjökkan á hálsi, 407; skjöld á hlið, 62, and so in countless instances.
II. special phrases; halda skildi fyrir e-m (e-n), to hold one’s shield, as a second in a holmganga, 332, 88; or, fyrir e-n, Ísl. ii. 257; era héra at borgnara þótt hæna beri skjöld, vii. 116: hafa e-n at skildi, to have another as one’s shield, seek shelter behind him, 8; bera efra skjöld, to carry the highest shield, gain the day, i. 383, x. 394: þjóna undir þann skjöld, to serve under that shield, that standard, vii. 293; þjóna undir sama skjöld, viii. 109: binda öllum jafnan skjöld, to tie the same shield to all, treat all in one fashion (metaphor from a withy-shield?), 44: leika tveim skjöldum, to play with two shields, play a double game (metaphor from the red and white shields, see B), 70, i. (in a verse): koma í opna skjöldu, to fall into the open (hollow) shield, to attack in flank (from the left), vi. 408, 365, 295, ii. 123; rennir sá maðr í kirkjugarð, ok sækir þingat skjöld, and seeks protection there, i. 352; múrr ok skjöldr, III. of any shield-formed thing; tólgar-s., a round piece of tallow; also of shield-like spots on cattle or whales: of a white tablet in churches, 142, 162, 168, 55, 17: brjóst-skjöldr, a round brooch.IV. a name, , (of the son of Odin, the ancestor of the Danish kings); Skjöldungar, ; Skjöldr Skánunga goð, iii. 246.
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B. Remarks on the shield.—A shield was raised as a signal in time of war; a red shield betokened war (rauðr skjöldr, her-skjöldr), a white shield peace (hvítr skjöldr, friðar-skjöldr, a peace-shield); in a battle the red shield was hoisted, 1. 33; but, bregða upp friðar skildi, to hoist the (white) shield of peace, was a sign that the battle was to cease; hann lét skjóta upp skildi hvítum, 6l, vii. 23; hence also the phrase, bera herskjöld, or, fara herskildi, to harry, overrun a land with the ‘war shield,’ see frið-skjöldr and her-skjöldr ( herr). War ships were lined from stem to stern with a wall of shields,—skip skarat skjöldum, or skjaldat skip; hann kom í Bjarnar-fjörð með al-skjölduðu skipi, síðan var hann Skjaldar-Björn kallaðr, 156. The halls of the ancients were hung all round with a row of shields, 9, 2, 43, see the curious story in iii. 42. For the shield-wall in battles see skjald-borg. Ancient sayings; nú er skarð fyrir skildi, now there is a gap for a shield, a breach in the fence, of a heavy loss, such as the death of a person, nú er skarð fyrir skildi, nú er svanrinn nár á Tjörn, ; höggva skarð í skildi e-s, to cut a notch in one’s shield, inflict a severe blow, (in a verse). Shields were furnished with a painted or carved ‘ring’ representing mythological or heroic subjects; these rings are the earliest works of Northern art on record, hence come the names rít, baugr, rönd, of which rít points to scratching (whereas Bragi used ‘fá’ = to paint); rauðum skildi, rönd var ór gulli, 1. 33. Such shields were a lordly gift, and gave rise to several ancient poems treating of the subjects carved or painted on the shield, such as the famous Haust-löng by Thjodolf, the Ragnars-kviða by Bragi, the two Beru-drápur (Shield-songs) by Egill; these ‘shield-lays’ were afterwards the sources of the writer of the , but only a few fragments are preserved; ( the Greek lay on ‘the shield of Heracles,’ and the lay on Achilles’ shield in the Iliad.)
Skammstafanir og tilvitnanir
  • m.karlkyn (e. masculine)
  • gen.eignarfall (e. genitive)
  • dat.þágufall (e. dative)
  • Ed.edition, editions, edited.
  • plur.fleirtala (e. plural)
  • acc.þolfall (e. accusative)
  • mod.modern.
  • Ulf.Ulfilas.
  • Dan.Danish.
  • Swed.Swedish.
  • Teut.Teutonic.
  • i. e.id est.
  • pr.proper, properly.
  • COMPDSsamsett orð (e. compounds)
  • s. v.sub voce.
  • cp.compare.
  • Eb.Eyrbyggja saga. (D. II.)
  • Fms.Fornmanna sögur. (E. I.)
  • Fas.Fornaldar sögur. (C. II.)
  • Sks.Konungs Skugg-sjá. (H. II.)
  • Bjarn.Bjarnar saga. (D. II.)
  • Glúm.Víga-Glúms saga. (D. II.)
  • Korm.Kormaks saga. (D. II.)
  • Nj.Njála. (D. II.)
  • Clem.Clements saga. (F. III.)
  • Am.Atla-mál. (A. II.)
  • Hkr.Heimskringla. (E. I.)
  • Stj.Stjórn. (F. I.)
  • Eg.Egils saga. (D. II.)
  • Fb.Flateyjar-bók (E. I.)
  • N. G. L.Norges Gamle Love. (B. II.)
  • Mar.Maríu saga. (F. III.)
  • Vm.Vilkins-máldagi. (J. I.)
  • Ám.Auðunnar-máldagi. (J. I.)
  • Pm.Pétrs-máldagi. (J. I.)
  • EddaEdda. (C. I.)
  • Hkv.Helga-kviða Hundingsbana. (A. II.)
  • Fagrsk.Fagrskinna. (K. I.)
  • Landn.Landnáma. (D. I.)
  • Gm.Grímnis-mál. (A. I.)
  • Jón Þorl.Jón Þorláksson.
  • Orkn.Orkneyinga saga. (E. II.)